Learn Newton’s First Law of Motion in simple language with explanations, examples of inertia, balanced and unbalanced forces, important ICSE points, FAQs and quick revision notes.
Official ICSE WebsiteObjects around us are either at rest or in motion. A body at rest does not move on its own, and a moving body does not stop automatically unless some external force acts on it.
This behavior is explained by Newton’s First Law of Motion, also known as the Law of Inertia.
Newton’s Laws of Motion remain one of the most important topics in ICSE Physics. Questions related to inertia, force and real-life examples are frequently asked in board examinations.
This law is also called the Law of Inertia.
A force is an external cause that changes or tends to change:
Inertia is the property of a body by which it resists any change in its state of rest or motion.
Example: A truck is harder to move than a bicycle because it has greater inertia.
The tendency of a body at rest to remain at rest.
The tendency of a moving body to continue moving with same speed and direction.
A moving body resists change in direction.
Example: Passengers move sideways when a car turns suddenly.
When resultant force is zero, there is no change in motion.
Example: Book resting on table.
When resultant force is not zero, motion changes.
Example: Pushing a stationary cart.
| Concept | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Inertia | Resistance to change |
| Static Inertia | Resistance from rest |
| Dynamic Inertia | Resistance from motion |
| Force | Cause of change in motion |
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A body remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force.
Inertia is the property by which a body resists change in its state.
Due to dynamic inertia, the upper body continues moving forward.
Balanced forces are forces whose resultant is zero.
Greater mass means greater resistance to change in motion.