ICSE Class 10 Physics Chapter 5
Refraction Through a Lens

Learn ICSE Class 10 Physics Chapter 5 Refraction Through a Lens in simple language. This lesson covers convex lens, concave lens, ray diagrams, lens formula, magnification, power of lens, defects of vision and important numerical problems.

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The ICSE Physics syllabus continues to focus heavily on numerical problems, ray diagrams and conceptual understanding from optics chapters. Refraction Through a Lens remains one of the highest scoring chapters in board exams.

What is a Lens?

A lens is a transparent refracting medium bounded by two surfaces, at least one of which is curved.

Types of Lenses

Convex Lens

A convex lens is thicker at the centre and thinner at the edges. It converges light rays and is also called a converging lens.

Uses of Convex Lens

Concave Lens

A concave lens is thinner at the centre and thicker at the edges. It diverges light rays and is also called a diverging lens.

Uses of Concave Lens

Lens Formula

1/f = 1/v - 1/u

Where:

Magnification

m = v/u

Magnification tells how large or small the image is compared to the object.

Power of Lens

P = 1/f

Power is measured in Dioptre (D).

Defects of Vision

Myopia

A person can see nearby objects clearly but distant objects appear blurred. Corrected using a concave lens.

Hypermetropia

A person can see distant objects clearly but nearby objects appear blurred. Corrected using a convex lens.

Important Numerical Example

If focal length of a lens is 50 cm:

P = 1/f = 1/0.5 = 2 D

Therefore, the power of the lens is 2 Dioptre.

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FAQ

1. What is a convex lens?

A convex lens is thicker at the centre and converges light rays.

2. What is lens formula?

The lens formula is: 1/f = 1/v - 1/u

3. What is power of lens?

Power of lens is the reciprocal of focal length in metre.

4. Which lens is used for myopia?

Concave lens is used to correct myopia.

5. Which lens is used for hypermetropia?

Convex lens is used to correct hypermetropia.